Come scrivere e chiamare le DLL all'interno di Delphi

Il codice seguente crea una DLL contenente due funzioni, Min e Max, con l'obiettivo di restituire il più grande tra due interi.

• Avvia un nuovo progetto DLL in Delphi (fai clic su File -> Nuovo, seleziona DLL).
• Salva il progetto come delhpdll.
• Compila il codice nella libreria come indicato di seguito.

// Uffe wrote: This is a toy dll to demonstrate the
// use of dll's
//
// The libary export two functions Max and Min
//
// The dll matches the MainProject which is a Delphi
// project which calls the DLL.

//{ 
//   DELPHI WROTE THIS:
//   Important note about DLL memory management: ShareMem
//   must be the first unit in your library's USES clause
//   AND your project's (select Project-View Source) USES
//   clause if your DLL exports any procedures or functions
//   that pass strings as parameters or function results. 
//   This applies to all strings passed to and from your 
//   DLL--even those that are nested in records and classes. 
//   ShareMem is the interface unit to the BORLNDMM.DLL 
//   shared memory manager, which must be deployed along
//   with your DLL. To avoid using BORLNDMM.DLL, pass 
//   string information using PChar or ShortString 
//   parameters. 
//}

uses
   SysUtils,
   Classes;

// Declare stdcall to make interface to other languages

function Min(X, Y: Integer): Integer; stdcall;
begin
   if X < Y then Min := X else Min := Y;
end;

function Max(X, Y: Integer): Integer; stdcall;
begin
   if X > Y then Max := X else Max := Y;
end;

exports // Make available to calling applications
   Min index 1,
   Max index 2;

begin
end.

• Compilare e salvare il progetto DLL.

(Se sei un tipo da riga di comando, puoi semplicemente eseguire "dcc32 delhpdll.dpr" dalla riga di comando ... che ti darà la stessa DLL ma senza l'IDE ...).

Quindi hai bisogno di un'applicazione, per chiamare la DLL:

• Avvia un nuovo progetto di applicazione "principale".
• Crea tutti i controlli GUI necessari per testare la DLL.
• Compila il codice sorgente per interfacciare la DLL come indicato di seguito.

//Main Applet to demonstrate how to call a dll.
//

// SEARCH PATHS:
//   The code makes no special effort to search for the DLL.
//   Easiest if everything (including DLL) is in the same
//   directory.
//

//DLL CALLING:
//   This applet demonstrates both Win API calling and
//   external calling (see below)
//
//

// NOTICE: I wasted a lot of time not declaring the
// functions "stdcall" throughout. If you 
// declare it "stdcall" in the DLL and not
// in the calling application, then you get hard-to-find
// errors - "external" will crash on you, 
// the Win API does not type-check so the function
// just gives "weird" results. (OK this is
// obvious when you think about it .. problem is,
// I didn't)				

// Jump to "implementation" section, 
// no DLL specs before.
interface

uses
   Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, StdCtrls;

type
   TForm1 = class(TForm)
	
   Edit1: TEdit;
   Edit2: TEdit;
	
   Button1: TButton;
   Label1: TLabel;
   Label2: TLabel;
	
   Button2: TButton;
   Label3: TLabel;
   Label4: TLabel;
   Label5: TLabel;
	
   procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
   procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
	
   private
   { Private declarations }
	
   public
   { Public declarations }
   end;

   // TMaxFun becomes a function variable (think of
   // a "pointer to function" without the pointer)
	
   TMaxFun = function(i,j: integer):integer; stdcall;

var
   Form1: TForm1;

implementation

{$R *.DFM}

// This declares Max as a function which should be found
// externally, in the dll
function Max(i,j:integer): integer;  stdcall; external 'delhpdll.dll';

// This procedure uses the "external" call to the DLL
   procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
   i,j: integer;
	
begin
   i := strtoint(Edit1.Text);
   j := strtoint(Edit2.Text);

   Label1.Caption := inttostr(Max(i,j));
   // Easy, eh?
end;

// This calls the DLL directly through the Win API.
// More code, more control.

procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
var
   i,j,k: integer;
   Handle: THandle;
	
   // mmax is a function variable; see type declaration
   // of TMaxFun above.
   mmax : TMaxFun;
	
begin
   i := strtoint(Edit1.Text);
   j := strtoint(Edit2.Text);

   // Load the library
   Handle := LoadLibrary('DELHPDLL.DLL');

   // If succesful ...
	
   if Handle <> 0 then
      begin
      
      // Assign function Max from the DLL to the
      // function variable mmax

      @mmax := GetProcAddress(Handle, 'Max');
      
      // If successful

      if @mmax <> nil then
         begin
            k := mmax(i,j);
            Label1.Caption := inttostr(k);
         end;

      // Unload library
      FreeLibrary(Handle);
   end;
end;
end.

• Vai, vola, esegui il tuo programma.