API JavaMail - Recupero di e-mail

Nel capitolo precedente abbiamo imparato come controllare le e-mail. Vediamo ora come recuperare ogni email e leggerne il contenuto. Scriviamo una classe JavaFetchingEmail che leggerà i seguenti tipi di email:

Email semplice
Email con allegato
E-mail con immagine in linea

I passaggi di base seguiti nel codice sono i seguenti:

Ottieni l'oggetto Session.
Crea un oggetto negozio POP3 e connettiti al negozio.
Crea un oggetto Cartella e apri la cartella appropriata nella tua casella di posta.
Recupera i messaggi.
Chiudere la cartella e archiviare rispettivamente gli oggetti.

Crea classe Java

Crea un file di classe java FetchingEmail, i cui contenuti sono i seguenti:

package com.tutorialspoint;

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.Folder;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.NoSuchProviderException;
import javax.mail.Part;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Store;

public class FetchingEmail {

   public static void fetch(String pop3Host, String storeType, String user,
      String password) {
      try {
         // create properties field
         Properties properties = new Properties();
         properties.put("mail.store.protocol", "pop3");
         properties.put("mail.pop3.host", pop3Host);
         properties.put("mail.pop3.port", "995");
         properties.put("mail.pop3.starttls.enable", "true");
         Session emailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);
         // emailSession.setDebug(true);

         // create the POP3 store object and connect with the pop server
         Store store = emailSession.getStore("pop3s");

         store.connect(pop3Host, user, password);

         // create the folder object and open it
         Folder emailFolder = store.getFolder("INBOX");
         emailFolder.open(Folder.READ_ONLY);

         BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
	      System.in));

         // retrieve the messages from the folder in an array and print it
         Message[] messages = emailFolder.getMessages();
         System.out.println("messages.length---" + messages.length);

         for (int i = 0; i < messages.length; i++) {
            Message message = messages[i];
            System.out.println("---------------------------------");
            writePart(message);
            String line = reader.readLine();
            if ("YES".equals(line)) {
               message.writeTo(System.out);
            } else if ("QUIT".equals(line)) {
               break;
            }
         }

         // close the store and folder objects
         emailFolder.close(false);
         store.close();

      } catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (MessagingException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (IOException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (Exception e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {

      String host = "pop.gmail.com";// change accordingly
      String mailStoreType = "pop3";
      String username = 
         "[email protected]";// change accordingly
      String password = "*****";// change accordingly

      //Call method fetch
      fetch(host, mailStoreType, username, password);

   }

   /*
   * This method checks for content-type 
   * based on which, it processes and
   * fetches the content of the message
   */
   public static void writePart(Part p) throws Exception {
      if (p instanceof Message)
         //Call methos writeEnvelope
         writeEnvelope((Message) p);

      System.out.println("----------------------------");
      System.out.println("CONTENT-TYPE: " + p.getContentType());

      //check if the content is plain text
      if (p.isMimeType("text/plain")) {
         System.out.println("This is plain text");
         System.out.println("---------------------------");
         System.out.println((String) p.getContent());
      } 
      //check if the content has attachment
      else if (p.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
         System.out.println("This is a Multipart");
         System.out.println("---------------------------");
         Multipart mp = (Multipart) p.getContent();
         int count = mp.getCount();
         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
            writePart(mp.getBodyPart(i));
      } 
      //check if the content is a nested message
      else if (p.isMimeType("message/rfc822")) {
         System.out.println("This is a Nested Message");
         System.out.println("---------------------------");
         writePart((Part) p.getContent());
      } 
      //check if the content is an inline image
      else if (p.isMimeType("image/jpeg")) {
         System.out.println("--------> image/jpeg");
         Object o = p.getContent();

         InputStream x = (InputStream) o;
         // Construct the required byte array
         System.out.println("x.length = " + x.available());
         while ((i = (int) ((InputStream) x).available()) > 0) {
            int result = (int) (((InputStream) x).read(bArray));
            if (result == -1)
         int i = 0;
         byte[] bArray = new byte[x.available()];

            break;
         }
         FileOutputStream f2 = new FileOutputStream("/tmp/image.jpg");
         f2.write(bArray);
      } 
      else if (p.getContentType().contains("image/")) {
         System.out.println("content type" + p.getContentType());
         File f = new File("image" + new Date().getTime() + ".jpg");
         DataOutputStream output = new DataOutputStream(
            new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(f)));
            com.sun.mail.util.BASE64DecoderStream test = 
                 (com.sun.mail.util.BASE64DecoderStream) p
                  .getContent();
         byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
         int bytesRead;
         while ((bytesRead = test.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            output.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
         }
      } 
      else {
         Object o = p.getContent();
         if (o instanceof String) {
            System.out.println("This is a string");
            System.out.println("---------------------------");
            System.out.println((String) o);
         } 
         else if (o instanceof InputStream) {
            System.out.println("This is just an input stream");
            System.out.println("---------------------------");
            InputStream is = (InputStream) o;
            is = (InputStream) o;
            int c;
            while ((c = is.read()) != -1)
               System.out.write(c);
         } 
         else {
            System.out.println("This is an unknown type");
            System.out.println("---------------------------");
            System.out.println(o.toString());
         }
      }

   }
   /*
   * This method would print FROM,TO and SUBJECT of the message
   */
   public static void writeEnvelope(Message m) throws Exception {
      System.out.println("This is the message envelope");
      System.out.println("---------------------------");
      Address[] a;

      // FROM
      if ((a = m.getFrom()) != null) {
         for (int j = 0; j < a.length; j++)
         System.out.println("FROM: " + a[j].toString());
      }

      // TO
      if ((a = m.getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO)) != null) {
         for (int j = 0; j < a.length; j++)
         System.out.println("TO: " + a[j].toString());
      }

      // SUBJECT
      if (m.getSubject() != null)
         System.out.println("SUBJECT: " + m.getSubject());

   }

}

È possibile attivare il debug rimuovendo il commento dall'istruzione emailSession.setDebug (true);

Compila ed esegui

Ora che la nostra classe è pronta, compiliamo la classe precedente. Ho salvato la classe FetchingEmail.java nella directory:/home/manisha/JavaMailAPIExercise. Avremmo bisogno dei jars javax.mail.jar e activation.jar nel classpath. Esegui il comando seguente per compilare la classe (entrambi i vasi sono posizionati nella directory / home / manisha /) dal prompt dei comandi:

javac -cp /home/manisha/activation.jar:/home/manisha/javax.mail.jar: FetchingEmail.java

Ora che la classe è compilata, esegui il comando seguente per eseguire:

java -cp /home/manisha/activation.jar:/home/manisha/javax.mail.jar: FetchingEmail

Verifica output

Dovresti vedere il seguente messaggio sulla console di comando:

messages.length---3
---------------------------------
This is the message envelope
---------------------------
FROM: XYZ <[email protected]>
TO: ABC <[email protected]>
SUBJECT: Simple Message
----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: multipart/alternative; boundary=047d7b343d6ad3e4ea04e8ec6579
This is a Multipart
---------------------------

----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
This is plain text
---------------------------
Hi am a simple message string....

-- 
Regards
xyz

This is the message envelope
---------------------------
FROM: XYZ <[email protected]>
TO: ABC <[email protected]>
SUBJECT: Attachement
----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: multipart/mixed; boundary=047d7b343d6a99180904e8ec6751
This is a Multipart
---------------------------

----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
This is plain text
---------------------------
Hi I've an attachment.Please check

-- 
Regards
XYZ

----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: application/octet-stream; name=sample_attachement
This is just an input stream
---------------------------
Submit your Tutorials, White Papers and Articles into our Tutorials Directory. This is a tutorials database where we are keeping all the tutorials shared by the internet community for the benefit of others.


This is the message envelope
---------------------------
FROM: XYZ <[email protected]>
TO: ABC <[email protected]>
SUBJECT: Inline Image
----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: multipart/related; boundary=f46d04182582be803504e8ece94b
This is a Multipart
---------------------------

----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
This is plain text
---------------------------
Hi I've an inline image


[image: Inline image 3]

-- 
Regards
XYZ

----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: image/png; name="javamail-mini-logo.png"
content typeimage/png; name="javamail-mini-logo.png"

Qui puoi vedere che ci sono tre email nella nostra casella di posta. Prima una semplice mail con il messaggio "Ciao sono una semplice stringa di messaggio ....". La seconda mail ha un allegato. Anche il contenuto dell'allegato viene stampato come visto sopra. La terza posta ha un'immagine in linea.

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API JavaMail - Recupero di e-mail

Crea classe Java

Compila ed esegui

Verifica output

Protocolli API JavaMail

Tutorial API JavaMail